Shotgun shells are typically used for small game hunting because they contain numerous small pellets that spread out when fired. This spread increases the chances of hitting fast-moving or small targets, which is particularly important when hunting small game such as rabbits, squirrels, or birds. The use of shotgun shells allows for a wider area of impact, making it easier to connect with agile animals that might dodge a single projectile.
While high-caliber rifle rounds and handgun bullets are effective for larger game due to their power and accuracy at distance, they are generally not suited for small game hunting due to the potential for excessive damage to the meat and a lower chance of a successful shot when the target is small and hard to hit. Archery arrows can be used for small game hunting, but they require more skill, precision, and specific hunting conditions, such as close-range shots. In contrast, shotgun shells offer a versatile and effective means for harvesting small game.